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Original Publication
Biomed & Pharmacother
Vol.46, pp. 3-15, 1992
Dossier
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AIDS Drugs
Zidovudine
AZT
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AIDS Defining Illness
Kaposi Sarcoma
Lymphoma
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Publish Year
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1992
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Scientific Paper
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By Peter H. Duesberg
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, 229 Stanley Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA (Received 28 November 1991; accepted 10 December 1991)
Original Publication
Biomed & Pharmacother
Vol.46, pp. 3-15, 1992
Dossier
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Summary
It is proposed that the new American and European AIDS epidemics are caused by recreational and anti-HIV drugs rather than by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Chronologically, the AIDS epidemic in the 1980s followed a massive escalation in the consumption of recreational drugs that started in the 1960s and 70s. Epidemiologically, both epidemics derive about 80 % of their victims from the same groups of 20-44 year-olds, of which 90 % are males. In America 32% of these are intravenous drug users and an unknown percentage are prescribed the cytotoxic DNA chain terminator AZT, as inhibitor of HIV. Direct evidence indicates that these drugs are necessary for HIV-positives and sufficient for HIV-negatives to develop AIDS diseases. The drug-AIDS hypothesis predicts correctly that: (i) AIDS is new in the US, because the drug epidemic is new, while the HIV epidemic is old -- fixed at a constant 1 million Americans since 1985; (ii) despite an increase in venereal diseases, AIDS remains restricted to long-term drug users and small groups with clinical deficiencies; (iii) over 72 % of AIDS occurs in 20-44 year old males, because they make up over 80% of hard psychoactive drug use; (iv) distinct AIDS diseases correlate with the use of distinct drugs, eg Kaposi's sarcoma with nitrite inhalants, tuberculosis with intravenous drugs, and leukopenia, anemia, and nausea with AZT; (v) AIDS diseases are only acquired after long-term drug consumption, rather than after single contacts as the virus-hypothesis predicts. The drug hypothesis can be tested epidemiologically and experimentally in animals. It predicts that most AIDS can be prevented by stopping the consumption of drugs, and provides a rational basis for therapy.
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